Jiahu is an archaeological site located in the central plain of ancient China, situated near the Yellow River. It lies approximately 22 km (14 mi) north of modern Wuyang in Henan province, positioned between the floodplains of the Ni River to the north and the Sha River to the south.
The site served as a Neolithic settlement inhabited from approximately 7000 BC until it was flooded and abandoned around 5700 BC. Archaeologists identify Jiahu as one of the earliest examples of the Peiligang culture. The settlement covered an area of roughly 55,000 square metres (5.5 ha) and was surrounded by a moat.
At its peak, Jiahu was a highly organized Chinese Neolithic society with a population estimated between 250 and 800 people. It is characterized by its complex social organization for the period in which it existed.