Bujumbura, formerly known as Usumbura, is the largest city in Burundi and serves as the nation's economic capital and primary center of commerce. Located within the Bujumbura Mairie region, it functions as the country's main port, facilitating the export of key commodities including coffee, cotton, and tin ore.
While Bujumbura was historically the political capital of Burundi, this status was officially transferred to Gitega in January 2019 following a parliamentary vote. Although the transition of the political seat was expected to conclude by 2022, the process remained ongoing as of late 2025. Despite this change, Bujumbura maintains its role as the nation's primary economic hub.