Neftchala is the capital and largest city of the Neftchala District in Azerbaijan. Located in the southeastern part of the country, it serves as a primary urban center within the Shirvan-Salyan Economic Region.
The district surrounding the city is bordered by the Jalilabad and Bilasuvar Districts to the west, the Salyan District to the north, and the Lankaran and Masally Districts to the south. To the east, the region meets the Caspian Sea. As of 2020, the population of the Neftchala District was recorded at 88,900.