ICOCA is a rechargeable contactless smart card used for transportation on the JR West rail network in Japan. It was officially launched on November 1, 2003, primarily to serve the Urban Network, which includes the major cities of Osaka, Kyoto, and Kobe (Keihanshin).
While originally intended for specific urban areas, the ICOCA service area has expanded significantly over time. As of 2024, the card is usable on various networks nationwide, including the San-yo region through the Okayama and Hiroshima urban areas, as well as certain lines in northern Shikoku, Sanin, and Hokuriku regions.