Overview
Croatia, officially known as the Republic of Croatia, is a country located in Central and Southeast Europe, stretching along the sparkling coastline of the Adriatic Sea. Known for its dramatic coastline, historic cities, and thousands of islands, Croatia occupies a strategic position at the crossroads of Central Europe and the Mediterranean.
Geography and Borders
Croatia shares its borders with several neighboring countries, giving it a rich mix of cultural and geographic influences. To the northwest lies Slovenia, while Hungary borders the country to the northeast. Serbia lies to the east, and both Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro border Croatia to the southeast. Additionally, Croatia shares a maritime border with Italy across the Adriatic Sea to the west.
The country spans a total area of 56,594 square kilometres and is organized into twenty counties, which are grouped into four administrative regions. This administrative structure helps manage Croatia's diverse landscapes, from its mountainous interior to its extensive coastline.
The Croatian Archipelago
One of Croatia's most remarkable geographic features is its archipelago, which contains over 1,000 islands and islets scattered across the Adriatic Sea. This makes it the largest overseas territory in the Adriatic, and these islands are a major draw for travelers seeking secluded beaches, charming fishing villages, and crystal-clear waters.
Major Cities
Croatia's capital and largest city is Zagreb, which also serves as the country's primary cultural and economic hub. Beyond the capital, several other cities play important roles in Croatian life:
- Split – a major coastal city known for its historic architecture and vibrant waterfront
- Rijeka – an important port city on the northern Adriatic coast
- Osijek – a significant urban center in the eastern part of the country
Population
As of 2026, Croatia has a population of nearly 3.9 million people. This population is distributed across the country's twenty counties, with a notable concentration in the capital region of Zagreb and along the popular Adriatic coastline.